In checkout, with international orders allowed, clicking on the 'Shipping same as Billing?' checkbox will clear the shipping country to the default of dashes only. When the customer then tries to check out, they will get an error that the field is required. Only by unchecking the box and filling in a shipping address can the order be processed.
I have attached a diff of a temporary solution to get this working that removes the class on the shipping country drop down, and will allow customers to process orders. The code really should be set this dropdown to disabled as well.